Reducing interarrival delays in network traffic

ABSTRACT

The disclosed embodiments provide a system that facilitates use of a network link. During operation, the system continuously monitors an interarrival delay of packets received from a sender over the network link. Next, the system adjusts a receive window for the sender based on the interarrival delay to facilitate receipt of subsequent packets from the sender and other senders over the network link.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

The disclosed embodiments relate to techniques for managing networktraffic. More specifically, the disclosed embodiments relate totechniques that reduce interarrival delays in network traffic byadjusting, based on the interarrival delays, receive windows for sendersassociated with the network traffic.

2. Related Art

Network links such as wireless access points, cell towers, and/orrouters may be shared by a number of network-enabled electronic devicessuch as personal computers, laptop computers, mobile phones, portablemedia players, printers, and/or video game consoles. To manage networktraffic to the electronic devices, the network links may reduce the flowof packets to the electronic devices, reorder the packets, and/or dropthe packets. Senders of the packets may also adjust the rate oftransmission of subsequent packets based on packet errors, losses,and/or delays, thus lifting congestion at the network links andfacilitating sharing of the network bandwidth by the electronic devices.

On the other hand, the electronic devices may lack the ability toinfluence the transmission of packets from the senders. Instead, theelectronic devices may only receive the packets at the rate at which thepackets are transmitted by the senders and/or network links. Moreover,each electronic device may include a number of processes associated withdifferent priorities that send and receive data over the same networklink(s). Because the senders and network links lack priority informationfor the processes, higher-priority (e.g., foreground) processes on theelectronic device may end up with a smaller share of bandwidth on thenetwork link than lower-priority (e.g., background) processes, which mayadversely affect the use of the electronic device by a user.

SUMMARY

The disclosed embodiments provide a system that facilitates use of anetwork link. During operation, the system continuously monitors aninterarrival delay of packets received from a sender over the networklink. Next, the system adjusts a receive window for the sender based onthe interarrival delay to facilitate receipt of subsequent packets fromthe sender and other senders over the network link.

In some embodiments, the system also adjusts the receive window based ona priority of a process associated with the packets. For example, thesystem may scale an adjustment to the receive window based on thepriority of the process. A higher-priority process such as a foregroundprocess may thus be associated with smaller adjustments to the receivewindow than a lower-priority process such as a background process.

In some embodiments, adjusting the receive window for the sender basedon the interarrival delay involves reducing the receive window if theinterarrival delay exceeds a threshold by a first pre-specified margin,and increasing the receive window if the interarrival delay falls belowthe threshold by a second pre-specified margin.

In some embodiments, adjusting the receive window for the senderinvolves transmitting an acknowledgement packet (e.g., TransmissionControl Protocol (TCP) acknowledgement) containing a new size of thereceive window to the sender.

In some embodiments, the network link is one of a WiFi network link or amobile phone network link. For example, the network link may be providedby a wireless access point for the WiFi network and/or a cell tower forthe mobile phone network.

In some embodiments, the receive window is not reduced below a minimumreceive window associated with sampling of the network link.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a system in accordance with the disclosedembodiments.

FIG. 2 shows a system for facilitating use of a network link inaccordance with the disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary use of a network link by two processes overtime in accordance with the disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary plot in accordance with the disclosedembodiments.

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary plot in accordance with the disclosedembodiments.

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary plot in accordance with the disclosedembodiments.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart illustrating the process of facilitating use ofa network link in accordance with the disclosed embodiments.

FIG. 8 shows a computer system in accordance with the disclosedembodiments.

In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same figureelements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is presented to enable any person skilled inthe art to make and use the embodiments, and is provided in the contextof a particular application and its requirements. Various modificationsto the disclosed embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilledin the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied toother embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit andscope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present invention is notlimited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scopeconsistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

The data structures and code described in this detailed description aretypically stored on a computer-readable storage medium, which may be anydevice or medium that can store code and/or data for use by a computersystem. The computer-readable storage medium includes, but is notlimited to, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, magnetic and opticalstorage devices such as disk drives, magnetic tape, CDs (compact discs),DVDs (digital versatile discs or digital video discs), or other mediacapable of storing code and/or data. Note that the described embodimentsare not intended to include non-transitory computer-readable storagemediums such as transitory signals.

The methods and processes described in the detailed description sectioncan be embodied as code and/or data, which can be stored in acomputer-readable storage medium as described above. When a computersystem reads and executes the code and/or data stored on thecomputer-readable storage medium, the computer system performs themethods and processes embodied as data structures and code and storedwithin the computer-readable storage medium.

Furthermore, methods and processes described herein can be included inhardware modules or apparatus. These modules or apparatus may include,but are not limited to, an application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC) chip, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a dedicated orshared processor that executes a particular software module or a pieceof code at a particular time, and/or other programmable-logic devices.When the hardware modules or apparatus are activated, they perform themethods and processes included within them.

The disclosed embodiments provide a method and system for managingnetwork traffic. As shown in FIG. 1, a number of computer systems110-112 are connected to a network 104 through network links 106-108provided by devices such as wireless access points, cell towers, and/orrouters. Computer systems 110-112 may correspond to a personal computer,laptop computer, tablet computer, mobile/smart phone, portable mediaplayer, and/or other network-enabled electronic device. Network 104 mayinclude a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), personalarea network (PAN), virtual private network, intranet, mobile phonenetwork (e.g., a cellular network), WiFi network, Bluetooth network,universal serial bus (USB) network, Ethernet network, an ad hoc networkformed between two or more devices, and/or other type of network thatfacilitates communication among computer systems (e.g., computer systems110-112) connected to network 104.

In particular, computer systems 110-112 may interact with one anotherand/or a server 102 on network 104 by sending and receiving data such asfiles, audio, video, and/or web content over network 104. For example,computer system 110 may request data from computer system 112 and/orserver 102 by establishing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)connections with computer system 112 and/or server 102. Computer system112 and server 102 may then provide the requested data by transmitting asequence of packets containing the data over network 104 to computersystem 110. At the same time, computer systems 110-112 and/or othercomputer systems (not shown) may communicate with one another, server102, and/or other servers or devices (not shown) on network 104 bytransmitting and receiving packets over network 104. To prevent and/ormitigate congestion on network, network links 106-108 and/or othernetwork links (not shown) on network 106 may implement network trafficcontrol techniques that queue, reorder, delay, and/or drop packets tocomputer systems 110-112 and/or the other computer systems. Computersystems 110-112, server 102, and/or the other servers or devices mayalso adjust the rate of transmission of subsequent packets based onpacket errors, losses, and/or delays, thus facilitating sharing ofavailable bandwidth and/or effective use of network 104 by the computersystems.

However, conventional computer systems (e.g., smart phones, desktopscomputers, tablet computers, etc.) may lack the ability to control thereceipt of packets from one another and/or the servers. In addition,each computer system may include a number of processes associated withdifferent priorities that send and receive data over network 104. As aresult, the network link (e.g., network links 106-108) to which thecomputer system (e.g., computer systems 110-112) is connected may beunder contention, and higher-priority processes on the computer systemmay receive less bandwidth from the network link than lower-priorityprocesses. Along the same lines, packets destined for the computersystem may encounter a bottleneck at the network link, and all processeson the computer system may experience increased network latency.

To facilitate use of network links 106-108 (and to avoid theabove-described problems encountered in conventional computer systems),in the described embodiments, computer systems 110-112 includefunctionality for adjusting the transmission of packets from oneanother, server 102, and/or other computer systems or devices toindividual processes on computer systems 110-112 based on the networklatencies experienced by the processes.

As shown in FIG. 2, a computer system 202 may receive packets 226-228from multiple senders 222-224 (e.g., servers or other devices) over anetwork link 204. Packets 226-228 may be associated with differentprocesses (e.g., applications) executing on computer system 202. Forexample, packets 226 from sender 222 may be received by one process oncomputer system 202, and packets 228 from sender 224 may be received byanother process on computer system 202.

While packets 226-228 are transmitted from senders 222-224 to computersystem 202, a monitoring apparatus 206 in computer system 202 maycontinuously monitor a set of interarrival delays 210-212 for packets226-228. In particular, monitoring apparatus 206 may calculate eachinterarrival delay 210-212 as the difference in “relative transit time”for a pair of consecutive packets from a sender to the correspondingprocess on computer system 202. For example, if two packets are sent 20milliseconds apart but received 30 milliseconds apart, the interarrivaldelay for the two packets may be 10 milliseconds.

The calculated interarrival delays 210-212 may provide computer system202 with an indication of competition between processes on a networklink 204 such as a wireless access point on a WiFi network and/or a celltower on a mobile phone network. To further facilitate detection ofchanges to network traffic from senders 222-224, monitoring apparatus206 may also calculate statistical values such as a standard deviationand/or variance of interarrival delays 210-212 (e.g., interarrivaljitter).

Next, a management apparatus 208 in computer system 202 may adjust a setof receive windows 218-220 for senders 222-224 based on interarrivaldelays 210-212 to facilitate receipt of subsequent packets from senders222-224 over network link 204. Each receive window 218-220 may representthe amount of data computer system 202 is willing to accept from thecorresponding sender without acknowledging (e.g., transmitting anacknowledgement packet to) the sender. A wide receive window may raisethe rate of packet transmission from the sender, while a narrow receivewindow may lower the rate of packet transmission from the sender.

If an interarrival delay of packets from a sender exceeds a threshold bya first pre-specified margin, network link 204 may be under contention,and management apparatus 208 may reduce the corresponding receive windowto decrease the interarrival delay of subsequent packets from the senderand/or other senders (e.g., senders 222-224). On the other hand, if theinterarrival delay falls below the threshold by a second pre-specifiedmargin, which may or may not be the same as the first pre-specifiedmargin, network link 204 may be underutilized, and management apparatus208 may increase the receive window to increase a utilization of thenetwork link. To effect the change in receive window for the sender,management apparatus 208 may transmit a packet or data frame to thereceiver to indicate the new size of the receive window. For example, insome embodiments, the management apparatus transmits an acknowledgementpacket (e.g., TCP acknowledgement) containing a new size of the receivewindow to the sender, and the sender may accordingly adjust the rate atwhich packets are transmitted to computer system 202.

Management apparatus 208 may further adjust receive windows 218-220based on a set of priorities 214-216 for the processes to which thepackets are destined (e.g., where the priority for a given process isspecified by an operating system for computer system 202). If theprocesses are associated with different priorities 214-216, managementapparatus 208 may scale adjustments to receive windows 218-220 based onpriorities 214-216. Management apparatus 208 may thus ensure thathigher-priority processes are associated with wider receive windows and,in turn, more bandwidth on network link 204, than lower-priorityprocesses.

For example, a background (e.g., low-priority) process on computersystem 202 may be the sole receiver of network traffic over network link204. As a result, all packets transmitted over network link 204 tocomputer system 202 may be received by the background process, and thebackground process may experience minimal interarrival delay and/orvariations in interarrival delay between pairs of packets. However, oncea foreground (e.g., high-priority) process on computer system 202 beginsreceiving packets over network link 204, the background process mayexperience an increase in both interarrival delay and variance ininterarrival delay. The interarrival delay may eventually exceed apre-specified threshold, indicating the use of network link 204 by thecompeting foreground process.

To prioritize use of network link 204 by the foreground process,management apparatus 208 may reduce the receive window of the backgroundprocess, thus throttling network traffic to the background process. Ifthe interarrival delay remains over the threshold, management apparatus208 may continue reducing the background process's receive window untilthe interarrival delay has dropped and/or the receive window reaches aminimum receive window (e.g., a receive window of four packets). In someembodiments, the minimum receive window can be the minimum receivewindow for sampling network link 204.

After the foreground process has finished using network link 204, thebackground process may experience a decrease in interarrival delay,which may eventually result in the interarrival delay falling below thethreshold. Management apparatus 208 may then increase the receive windowof the background process to increase utilization of network link 204until the interarrival delay returns to an acceptable value. Changes tointerarrival delays, receive windows, and/or packet arrivals over timeare discussed in further detail below with respect to FIGS. 3-6.

By adjusting receive windows 218-220 based on interarrival delays210-212 and/or priorities 214-216, monitoring apparatus 206 andmanagement apparatus 208 may enable sharing and/or prioritization ofnetwork bandwidth among processes on computer system 202 withoutrequiring changes to protocols (e.g., TCP) used to transmit packets226-228 from senders 222-224 over network link 204 to computer system202. Furthermore, monitoring apparatus 206 and management apparatus 208may maximize utilization of network link 204 by processes on computersystem 202 by enabling full access to network link 204 for a processwhenever there is no competition for network link 204 on computer system202.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the system of FIG. 2 maybe implemented in a variety of ways. First, monitoring apparatus 206 andmanagement apparatus 208 may track interarrival delays 210-212 andadjust receive windows 218-220 on an individual or a group basis. Forexample, each process in computer system 202 may be associated with aseparate instance of monitoring apparatus 206 and management apparatus208, or network traffic for all processes in computer system 202 may bemonitored and managed by a single, centralized monitoring apparatus 206and/or management apparatus 208 (e.g., in the operating system ofcomputer system 202). Similarly, monitoring apparatus 206 and managementapparatus 208 may be provided by the same software and/or hardwarecomponent, or monitoring apparatus 206 and management apparatus 208 mayexecute independently from one another. For example, monitoringapparatus 206 and management apparatus 208 may be implemented by one ormore dedicated processors and/or general-purpose processors (e.g.,central-processing units (CPUs)) on computer system 202.

Second, management apparatus 208 may manage network traffic for theprocesses in a number of ways. For example, management apparatus 208 mayimplement a black-and-white prioritization technique, in which receivewindows for only low-priority (e.g., background) processes are adjustedbased on interarrival delays of the low-priority processes, and widereceive windows are maintained for high-priority (e.g., foreground)processes regardless of the interarrival delays of the high-priorityprocesses, as described in the above example. Alternatively, managementapparatus 208 may scale the adjustments to the receive windows based onthe priorities of the processes, with adjustments to receive windows forlower priority processes receiving greater weight than adjustments toreceive windows for higher priority processes. Management apparatus 208may further influence the adjustments by using different systems torepresent the processes' priorities, including numeric scales (e.g., 1to 5, 1 to 10, etc.), alphabetic letters (e.g., A, B, C, etc.), and/orpriority classes (e.g., idle, normal, high, real-time). Finally,management apparatus 208 may use different thresholds and/or margins fortriggering changes to receive windows 218-220 to increase or decreasethe sensitivity and/or responsiveness of computer system 202 to changesin interarrival delays 210-212.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary use of a network link by two processes 302-304over time 306 in accordance with the disclosed embodiments. Process 302may be a lower-priority (e.g., background) process, and process 304 maybe a higher-priority (e.g., foreground) process. At time t₁, process 302may begin transmitting and receiving packets over the network link.Next, at time t₂, process 304 may begin using the network link, thussharing the network link with process 302. At time t₃, process 304 maystop using the network link, and at time t₄, process 302 may stop usingthe network link.

FIGS. 4-6 show exemplary plots in accordance with the disclosedembodiments. More specifically, FIG. 4 shows a plot of interarrivaldelay 402 for process 302 from FIG. 3 as a function of time 404, FIG. 5shows a plot of a receive window 502 for process 302 as a function oftime 504, and FIG. 6 shows a plot of packet arrivals 602 for process 302as a function of time 604.

Between times t₁ and t₂, process 302 is the only user of the networklink, and interarrival delay 402 remains relatively constant and low.Similarly, receive window 502 for process 302 is set to a default value,and packet arrivals 602 indicate that packets are being received overthe network link at a steadily high rate by process 302.

Once process 304 begins using the network link at time t₂, interarrivaldelay 402 for process 302 increases. To offset the increase ininterarrival delay 402, receive window 502 for process 302 may besteadily reduced until a minimum receive window 506 is reached. Forexample, receive window 502 may be reduced for process 302 in a singlestep (e.g., directly to minimum receive window 506) or in a series ofsteps (e.g., incrementally until minimum receive window 506 is reached).Receive window 502 for process 302 may then be maintained at minimumreceive window 506 to enable the continued sampling of packets from thenetwork link and the calculation of interarrival delay 402 using thepackets. For example, receive window 502 may have a floor (e.g., minimumreceive window 506) of four packets to facilitate subsequent adjustmentsto receive window 502 for process 302 based on calculations ofinterarrival delay 402 for process 302 from each set of four packetsreceived over the network link. While receive window 502 for process 302is set to minimum receive window 506, interarrival delay 402 for process302 may stabilize, and packet arrivals 602 for process 302 may increaseat a much slower rate because receive window 502 has throttled networktraffic for process 302.

Between times t₃ and t₄, interarrival delay 402 for process 302 maydecrease because the network link is no longer shared by processes302-304. Interarrival delay 402 for process 302 may also flatten out atthe initial low value associated with sole use of the network link(e.g., between times t₁ and t₂). At the same time, receive window 502for process 302 may be increased in response to the decrease ininterarrival delay 402 until the initial value for receive window 502 isreached. As with the previous decrease of receive window 502 for process302 to minimum receive window 506, receive window 502 may be increasedto the initial value incrementally and/or in a single step. Similarly,packet arrivals 602 for process 302 may pick up until the packets arebeing received at the same high rate as the packet arrival rate from t₁to t₂. In other words, packets associated with process 302 may initiallyfully utilize the network link, slow during sharing of the network linkwith process 302, and resume full utilization of the network link onceprocess 304 has finished using the network link.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart illustrating the process of facilitating use ofa network link in accordance with the disclosed embodiments. In one ormore embodiments, one or more of the steps may be omitted, repeated,and/or performed in a different order. Accordingly, the specificarrangement of steps shown in FIG. 7 should not be construed as limitingthe scope of the technique.

Initially, an interarrival delay of packets received from a sender overa network link is monitored (operation 702). The network link may beassociated with a WiFi network and/or a mobile phone network. Forexample, the network link may correspond to a wireless access point forthe WiFi network and/or a cell tower for the mobile phone network. Theinterarrival delay may be calculated for two or more consecutive packetsreceived from the network link as the difference in “relative transittime” for the packets.

Next, a receive window for the sender may be adjusted based on theexceeding and/or falling below of a threshold by the interarrival delay(operations 704-706) to facilitate receipt of subsequent packets fromthe sender and/or other senders over the network link. The receivewindow may correspond to the amount of data the sender may transmitwithout receiving an acknowledgement (e.g., TCP acknowledgement) from areceiver of the data.

If the interarrival delay neither exceeds nor falls below the threshold(e.g., by more than a pre-specified margin), monitoring of theinterarrival delay may continue (operation 702) to enable the detectionof values of the interarrival delay that do exceed and/or fall below thethreshold. If the interarrival delay exceeds the threshold, the receivewindow is reduced to decrease the interarrival delay of the subsequentpackets (operation 708). For example, the receive window may be reducedto reduce the network bandwidth available for receiving packets from thesender, and in turn, the amount of competition on the network link. Ifthe interarrival delay falls below the threshold, the receive window isincreased to increase the utilization of the network link (operation710). For example, the receive window may be increased to enable fullutilization of the network link after competition for the network linkhas ceased. Note that, although we describe a single threshold and/or asingle pre-specified margin, two (or more) different thresholds and/orpre-specified margins could be used in the described embodiments. Forexample, in some embodiments, a single threshold is used, but a firstpre-specified margin is used for exceeding the threshold, and a secondpre-specified margin is used for falling below the threshold.

Adjustments to the receive window may also be affected by the priority(operation 712) of a process associated with (e.g., receiving) thepackets. For example, greater adjustments to the receive window may bemade to a process with lower priority (e.g., a background process) thanto a process with higher priority (e.g., a foreground process). If theadjustment is not affected by priority, the adjustment is applied to thereceive window without further modification. If the adjustment isaffected by the process's priority, the adjustment is scaled based onthe priority (operation 714). After all adjustments to the receivewindow have been made, the adjustments may be effected by transmittingan acknowledgement packet containing the new size of the receive windowto the sender.

Adjustments to the receive window may continue (operation 716) duringreceipt of the packets from the sender over the network link. Ifadjustments to the receive window are to continue, the interarrivaldelay of the packets is continuously monitored (operation 702), and thereceive window for the sender is adjusted based on the interarrivaldelay of the packets and/or the priority of the process associated withthe packets (operations 704-714). Adjustments to the receive windowand/or the flow of network traffic over the network link may continueuntil the network link is no longer used to receive packets from thesender. Note that “continuous” monitoring can mean periodicallymonitoring or monitoring according to a predetermined schedule (e.g., inaccordance with network traffic levels, etc.).

FIG. 8 shows a computer system 800 in accordance with an embodiment.Computer system 800 may correspond to an apparatus that includes aprocessor 802, memory 804, storage 806, and/or other components found inelectronic computing devices. Processor 802 may support parallelprocessing and/or multi-threaded operation with other processors incomputer system 800. Computer system 800 may also include input/output(I/O) devices such as a keyboard 808, a mouse 810, and a display 812.

Computer system 800 may include functionality to execute variouscomponents of the present embodiments. In particular, computer system800 may include an operating system (not shown) that coordinates the useof hardware and software resources on computer system 800, as well asone or more applications that perform specialized tasks for the user. Toperform tasks for the user, applications may obtain the use of hardwareresources on computer system 800 from the operating system, as well asinteract with the user through a hardware and/or software frameworkprovided by the operating system.

In one or more embodiments, computer system 800 provides a system forfacilitating use of a network link. The system may include a monitoringapparatus that continuously monitors an interarrival delay of packetsreceived from a sender over the network link. The system may alsoinclude a management apparatus that adjusts a receive window for thesender based on the interarrival delay to facilitate receipt ofsubsequent packets from the sender and other senders over the networklink. The management apparatus may also adjust the receive window basedon a priority of a process associated with the packets.

In addition, one or more components of computer system 800 may beremotely located and connected to the other components over a network.Portions of the present embodiments (e.g., monitoring apparatus,management apparatus, etc.) may also be located on different nodes of adistributed system that implements the embodiments. For example, thepresent embodiments may be implemented using a remote network trafficcontrol system that monitors interarrival delays for processes in a setof remote computer systems and adjusts the receive windows for theprocesses based on the interarrival delays and/or the priorities of theprocesses.

The foregoing descriptions of various embodiments have been presentedonly for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the formsdisclosed. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will beapparent to practitioners skilled in the art. Additionally, the abovedisclosure is not intended to limit the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method for facilitatinguse of a network link, comprising: monitoring an interarrival delay ofpackets received from a sender over the network link; and adjusting areceive window for the sender based on the interarrival delay tofacilitate receipt of subsequent packets from the sender and othersenders over the network link.
 2. The computer-implemented method ofclaim 1, further comprising: further adjusting the receive window basedon a priority of a process associated with the packets.
 3. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 2, wherein the process is aforeground process or a background process.
 4. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 2, wherein adjusting the receive window based on thepriority of the process involves: scaling an adjustment to the receivewindow based on the priority of the process.
 5. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 1, wherein adjusting the receive window for the senderbased on the interarrival delay involves: if the interarrival delayexceeds a threshold by a first pre-specified margin, reducing thereceive window; and if the interarrival delay falls below the thresholdby a second pre-specified margin, increasing the receive window.
 6. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the receivewindow for the sender involves: transmitting an acknowledgement packetcontaining a new size of the receive window to the sender.
 7. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the network link is oneof a WiFi network link or a mobile phone network link.
 8. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the receive window isnot reduced below a minimum receive window associated with sampling ofthe network link.
 9. A system for facilitating use of a network link,comprising: a monitoring apparatus configured to monitor an interarrivaldelay of packets received from a sender over the network link; and amanagement apparatus configured to adjust a receive window for thesender based on the interarrival delay to facilitate receipt ofsubsequent packets from the sender and other senders over the networklink.
 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the management apparatus isfurther configured to: further adjust the receive window based on apriority of a process associated with the packets.
 11. The system ofclaim 10, wherein the process is a foreground process or a backgroundprocess.
 12. The system of claim 10, wherein adjusting the receivewindow based on the priority of the process involves: scaling anadjustment to the receive window based on the priority of the process.13. The system of claim 9, wherein adjusting the receive window for thesender based on the interarrival delay involves: if the interarrivaldelay exceeds a threshold by a first pre-specified margin, reducing thereceive window; and if the interarrival delay falls below the thresholdby a second pre-specified margin, increasing the receive window.
 14. Thesystem of claim 9, wherein adjusting the receive window for the senderinvolves: transmitting an acknowledgement packet containing a new sizeof the receive window to the sender.
 15. The system of claim 9, whereinthe network link is one of a WiFi network link or a mobile phone networklink.
 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the receive window is notreduced below a minimum receive window associated with sampling of thenetwork link.
 17. A computer-readable storage medium storinginstructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer toperform a method for facilitating use of a network link, the methodcomprising: monitoring an interarrival delay of packets received from asender over the network link; and adjusting a receive window for thesender based on the interarrival delay to facilitate receipt ofsubsequent packets from the sender and other senders over the networklink.
 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, the methodfurther comprising: further adjusting the receive window based on apriority of a process associated with the packets.
 19. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the process is aforeground process or a background process.
 20. The computer-readablestorage medium of claim 18, wherein adjusting the receive window basedon the priority of the process involves: scaling an adjustment to thereceive window based on the priority of the process.
 21. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein adjusting thereceive window for the sender based on the interarrival delay involves:if the interarrival delay exceeds a threshold by a first pre-specifiedmargin, reducing the receive window; and if the interarrival delay fallsbelow the threshold by a second pre-specified margin, increasing thereceive window.
 22. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17,wherein adjusting the receive window for the sender involves:transmitting an acknowledgement packet containing a new size of thereceive window to the sender.
 23. The computer-readable storage mediumof claim 17, wherein the network link is one of a WiFi network link or amobile phone network link.
 24. The computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 17, wherein the receive window is not reduced below a minimumreceive window associated with sampling of the network link.